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Lignocellulosic Biomass Pretreatment Using Gaseous Ammonia and Combinations with Hot Inert-Carrier Gases

IntroductionTo achieve high yields of glucose and other products for use in biofuels and bio-based chemicals, lignocellulose must first be pretreated. The goal of pretreatment is to decrease the crystallinity of cellulose, increase the biomass surface area, remove hemicellulose, and break the lignin seal. Current pretreatments use liquid ammonia, dilute...

A Novel Extractive Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX) Process

IntroductionIn the continuing push to develop alternative fuels, bioethanol is clearly a viable option. However, if it is to become a truly economical alternative, a more effective and efficient method of processing lignocellulosic biomass must be developed. Description of Technology Michigan State University has developed a novel lignocellulosic biomass...
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